THE MANY TYPES OF SEIZURE: PARTIAL AND GENERALIZED SEIZURES

Partial seizures have implications different from generalized seizures. Since they start in one particular area of the brain, they may require special evaluation; they may also require the use of particular medications or other therapy. To help the physician determine the proper course, it is important, as noted earlier, for you to focus carefully on the very onset of the seizure and its progression so you may be able to describe it precisely to him.
When seizures start focally in a particular area of the brain, and when they spread slowly enough, in seconds or minutes as in William’s seizure, so that their onset is experienced and witnessed or remembered, this onset is the “aura” or warning, the warning that bigger things are coming.
How do focal seizures spread to become generalized? Why don’t all focal seizures spread? What contains a focal seizure? If we knew the answers to these questions, we would understand far more about epilepsy and be better able to prevent or limit seizures than we are. But we have few answers at the present time. Generalized seizures that appear to start in all parts of the brain simultaneously have no identifiable focal onset. We do not understand their anatomy. It does not make sense for the whole brain spontaneously and suddenly to experience a disruption. Nevertheless, in generalized seizures this is what appears to occur, causing disruptions like staring, stiffening, or shaking.
*54\208\8*

SHOPPING FOR DIETS

The standard diet plans don’t work for carbohydrate addicts—and carbohydrate addicts blame themselves. We have now come to understand that they haw been trying to follow diets that are simply not suited to their physical needs.
When you’re shopping for shoes, yon don’t buy just any pair. If the salesman brings you a pair of shoes that don’t fit, you don’t blame yourself, do you? Maybe they’re too small, too large, or too narrow.
Say a friend or relative brings you a pair of shoes, and they don’t fit either. You won’t try to wear them anyway: you’ll find a pair that suits you. Right?
The same is true with eyeglasses, medical prescriptions, top hats, and false teeth. They are right for you or not. Period. You accept that.
But diets are different.
With diets, most of us forget common sense. We pick a diet at random, giving little thought to our needs, our preferences, our strengths, our weaknesses, or specific metabolic levels. We take what may (or may not) be appropriate for someone else, and assume that it should be correct for us. We don’t look at what we need.
Then we blame ourselves when, in the long run, it doesn’t work. The diet that fails us is interpreted as our own failure.
Maybe, just maybe, that’s because it wasn’t an appropriate plan in the first place.
And the Carbohydrate Addict’s Diet just might be.
*7\236\2*

ISOPHAN E INSULINS USED IN YOUNG PEOPLE: HUMULIN, ASTRAPHANE AND OTHERS

Humulin NPH (Isophane Insulin NPH)

Humulin NPH has a moderately slow action.

This is a Human Isophane. Humulin NPH may start to have its effect within two hours of the injection (sometimes even before) and has-its maximum effect from between four to twelve hours. Activity fades rapidly after twenty four hours. For some children on small doses, it may provide good coverage of insulin through the whole day, but many children need a small addition of quick acting insulin (Humulin R) to the Humulin NPH to cover the early part of the day. The proportion of quick acting insulin to Humulin NPH will usually be about one to four, but this varies according to how a child responds to the insulin. For many children, the effect of Humulin NPH is not strong enough through the night and it may be necessary to give an evening injection as well.

A hypoglycemic reaction due to Humulin NPH given before breakfast is likely to occur in the late afternoon, but may occur during the night.

Actraphane (Isophane and neutral insulin mixed)

Actraphane is a mixture of Protaphane (70%) and Actrapid (30%). It is mixed as a convenience for those people who may need both a quick and slow acting insulin but who might have difficulties in mixing the two insulins in the syringe themselves.

Its effect may start in one hour and it has a maximum effect from four to fifteen hours with a fading of activity from then to twenty-four hours.

A hypoglycemic reaction due to Actraphane given before breakfast may occur during the late morning or afternoon.

Mixtard 30:70 (Isophane and neutral insulin mixed)

Mixtard has a combined fast and moderately slow action.

Mixtard is a mixture of Insulatard (70%) and Velosulin (30%). It is mixed as a convenience for those people who may need both a quick and slow acting insulin but who might have difficulties in mixing the two insulins in the syringe themselves. It has a start effect in one hour and a maximum effect from four to eight hours with a fading of activity from then to twenty-four

hours.

A hypoglycemic reaction due to Mixtard given before breakfast may occur during the late morning or afternoon.

Mixtard 50:50 (Isophane and neutral insulin mixed)

Initard has a combined fast and moderately slow action.

Initard is a mixture of Insulatard (50%) and Velosulin (50%). It is mixed as a convenience for those people who may need both a quick and slow acting insulin but who might have difficulties in mixing the two insulins in the syringe themselves. Its effect may start in one hour and it has a maximum effect from four to eight hours with a fading of activity from then to twenty-four hours.

A hypoglycemic reaction due to Initard given before breakfast may occur during the late morning or afternoon.

*11/54/5*